Former World Chess Champion Vasily Vasilyevich Smyslov has died at the age of 89.

Smyslov was born March 24th, 1921 in Moscow and was an emergency admittance to the Botkin Hospital in Moscow with heart trouble a few days before he died in the early hours of March 27th 2010.

When I re-examine the careers of famous chess players sometimes I've sometimes been left a bit under-whelmed, but there is no danger of that in this case. Undoubtably strongest player in the mid-1950s he is also the 6th strongest player of all time, if his career is taken over a 20 year period (Stats: http://chessmetrics.com). Yet I get the feeling that he was a little under-appreciated, in the galaxy of chess players. There are a couple of reasons for this. Firstly the period of his tenure of World Champion was only 1957-8 and secondly he was followed by far more charasmatic players such as Tal and Fischer. However his career and style stand detailed scrutiny and mark him out as one of the true greats of the game.

Smyslov learned the game at the age of 6 in 1927, taught by his father who himself was a strong enough player to beat Alexander Alekhine in tournament play. He was taught simple positions and endings early on and Smyslov regarded this as one of the keys to the harmonious style he later developed along with the love of music which was also passed on to him by his father.

"Strict beauty and harmony, spontineity and elegance, the faultless intuition of the artist, the absolute mastery of technique and therefore complete independence from it - this is my ideal." was how Smyslov chose to express his beliefs.

He studied chess history and had the opportunity to see many of the greats at the Moscow tournaments of 1935 and 1936. He believed his chess style at 15 or 16 was pretty much well formed "... in a chess game I always sought not only victory, but also the triumph of logic." This crede meant that he played all sorts of positions, not just "positional variations" but also in his middle years he lost quite a few games against players who valued aggression rather than strict logic, I don't think he enjoyed playing against that kind of approach.

In 1938 he became Soviet Youth Champion and a master after sharing first place in the Moscow Championship.

He played the 12th Soviet Championship in 1940 and was in third place half a point behind the winners, he also started his rivalry with Botvinnik, their first game ending in a draw. His first major tournament was the Absolute Championship of the USSR Leningrad - Moscow 1941. Finishing 3rd out of 6 players in a field with no weak players marked him out as a player of the highest class.

In the tournament book Botvinnik said "His defects are chiefly psychological; sometimes he overestimates his possibilities during the actual game. After summing up the position he plays with great power; but when the struggle is involved he lacks the subtle appreciation of the critical moments." He conceded that Smyslov was still growing and praised his defence.

In spite of the difficult conditions during the war Smyslov continued to play and his best result was when he finished in 2nd place in the Soviet Championship in 1944.

The USA vs. USSR radio chess match 1945 took place September 1st-4th September 1945. In a portend of the Soviet domination of chess that was to come the USSR team won the match 15½-4½. Smyslov raised his international profile by beating Sammy Reshevsky 2-0. In a rematch against the USA in person in Moscow he beat Arnold Denker 2-0 in 1946 where the USSR won again.

His reputation was such that he recieved an invitation to the first major post-war tournament, the Groningen tournament of 1946. This proved key as his 3rd place eventually meant that he was invited to the Match Tournament for the World Championship in The Hague and Moscow in 1948 where he a was 2nd (if distant) to the new World Champion Mikhail Botvinnik.

In 1949 he shared first place in the Soviet Championships for the first time.

In 1950 he was only 3rd in the Budapest Candidates tournament behind Bronstein and Boleslavsky which had to be seen as a disappointment for him. There seemed to be a marking of time in his career which ended with the first great win of his career, the Candidates tournament in Zuerich, 1953, which also started the battles for the highest honours.

The Candidates tournament in Zuerich - Neuhausen in 1953 is justly famous. Smyslov won the tournament by a margin of two points over David Bronstein, Paul Keres and Sammy Reshevsky. Players such as Tigran Petrosian, Efim Geller, Miguel Najdorf and Max Euwe also competed, making it one of the strongest tournaments of the time.

Early pace was set by Sammy Reshevsky but once Smyslov took the lead in Round 12 he was never to surrender it although he was caught on 12.5 points in Round 21 by Sammy Reshevsky (when Smyslov suffered his only defeat, to Kotov) he took the lead alone again after round 24 and had a two point lead by Round 27 and then drew his way to qualification.

Candidates Tournament Zuerich - Neuhausen (SUI), 30 viii - 23 x 1953

Pl Name                      1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3  4  5
 1 Smyslov, Vassily         ** ½½ ½1 11 ½½ ½½ 11 ½0 ½½ ½½ ½½ ½½ 1½ 11 1½ 18.0
 2 Bronstein, David I       ½½ ** 11 1½ ½½ ½½ ½0 ½½ 1½ ½½ ½½ 01 1½ ½½ ½½ 16.0 224.00
 3 Reshevsky, Samuel Herman ½0 00 ** ½½ ½½ ½½ ½½ 10 ½½ ½1 ½1 1½ ½1 11 1½ 16.0 210.75
 4 Keres, Paul              00 0½ ½½ ** ½1 ½½ ½1 ½½ ½½ 0½ 11 1½ ½1 ½½ 11 16.0 210.25
 5 Petrosian, Tigran V      ½½ ½½ ½½ ½0 ** 0½ ½½ ½½ 00 ½½ ½½ 11 ½1 1½ 11 15.0
 6 Najdorf, Miguel          ½½ ½½ ½½ ½½ 1½ ** 00 1½ 1½ ½0 ½½ ½½ ½½ 0½ 11 14.5 198.00
 7 Geller, Efim P           00 ½1 ½½ ½0 ½½ 11 ** ½0 01 ½½ 01 1½ ½1 01 ½½ 14.5 197.75
 8 Kotov, Alexander         ½1 ½½ 01 ½½ ½½ 0½ ½1 ** 10 1½ 00 10 1½ 0½ 01 14.0 198.75
 9 Taimanov, Mark E         ½½ 0½ ½½ ½½ 11 0½ 10 01 ** 10 ½½ ½½ ½0 0½ 11 14.0 191.75
10 Averbakh, Yuri L         ½½ ½½ ½0 1½ ½½ ½1 ½½ 0½ 01 ** ½½ ½½ 0½ 11 00 13.5 194.00
11 Boleslavsky, Isaak       ½½ ½½ ½0 00 ½½ ½½ 10 11 ½½ ½½ ** ½0 ½½ ½1 ½½ 13.5 185.75
12 Szabo, Laszlo            ½½ 10 0½ 0½ 00 ½½ 0½ 01 ½½ ½½ ½1 ** 1½ ½½ 1½ 13.0
13 Gligoric, Svetozar       0½ 0½ ½0 ½0 ½0 ½½ ½0 0½ ½1 1½ ½½ 0½ ** ½1 11 12.5
14 Euwe, Max 00             ½½ 00 ½½ 0½ 1½ 10 1½ 1½ 00 ½0 ½½ ½0 ** 1½ 11.5
15 Stahlberg, Gideon        0½ ½½ 0½ 00 00 00 ½½ 10 00 11 ½½ 0½ 00 0½ ** 8.0

This qualification led to a first of three match against Mikhail Botvinnik. The first match started catestrophically for him with Botvinnik winning games 1, 2 and 4. However a run of 4 wins and a draw starting with game 7 took Smyslov into the lead, however he then lost game 12 to see the match level at the half way stage. Shared wins in games 13 and 14 were followed by two wins for Botvinnik. Smyslov scored wins in games 20 and 23 but didn't try all that hard in the final game offering a draw on move 22 to see the match drawn 12-12. This result meant that Botvinnik retained his title. (Botvinnik is supposed to have said in reponse to Smyslov's final game draw offer: "Your offer is so attractive I cannot refuse").

20th WCh Match 1954 Moscow (RUS), 16 iii - 13 v 1954
Pl Name             1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4
1 Botvinnik,Mikhail 1 1 ½ 1 ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ 12.0/24 144.00
2 Smyslov,Vassily   0 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ 12.0/24 144.00

1955 saw shared firsts in Hastings and the USSR Championships (lost playoff to Geller) and a win in Zagreb. When Smyslov returned to Candidates Chess in Amsterdam he again emerged triumphant but was level with Keres until three rounds until the end, he beat Bronstein, drew against Spassky and beat Pilnik to set up a second world championship match with Botvinnik, one that he claimed afterwards he was much better prepared for the match after his previous experience and his "play was more steady and harmonious". After he took the lead in game 8 and never surrendered his grip on the match after that. He thus became the 7th World Chess Champion.

Candidates Tournament Amsterdam (NED), 27 iii - 30 iv 1956
Pl Name                1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0
 1 Smyslov,Vassily    ** ½½ ½½ 0½ ½½ ½1 11 ½1 1½ ½1 11.5/18
 2 Keres,Paul         ½½ ** ½½ ½½ ½½ ½1 ½½ ½0 1½ 1½ 10.0/18
 3 Szabo,Laszlo       ½½ ½½ ** 1½ ½½ ½½ ½1 0½ ½½ 01  9.5/18 86.00
 4 Spassky,Boris V    1½ ½½ 0½ ** ½½ ½1 0½ ½½ ½½ ½1  9.5/18 84.00
 5 Petrosian,Tigran V ½½ ½½ ½½ ½½ ** 0½ 01 1½ ½½ 1½  9.5/18 82.25
 6 Bronstein,David I  ½0 ½0 ½½ ½0 1½ ** ½1 1½ ½½ ½1  9.5/18 81.00
 7 Geller,Efim P      00 ½½ ½0 1½ 10 ½0 ** 11 ½1 1½  9.5/18 78.75
 8 Filip,Miroslav     ½0 ½1 1½ ½½ 0½ 0½ 00 ** 10 ½1  8.0/18 69.50
 9 Panno,Oscar        0½ 0½ ½½ ½½ ½½ ½½ ½0 01 ** 1½  8.0/18 69.00
10 Pilnik,Herman      ½0 0½ 10 ½0 0½ ½0 0½ ½0 0½ **  5.0/18

21st WCh Match 1957 Moscow (RUS), 5 iii - 27 iv 1957
Pl Name              1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 
 1 Smyslov,Vassily   1 ½ ½ 0 0 1 ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 12.5/22
 2 Botvinnik,Mikhail 0 ½ ½ 1 1 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½  9.5/22

Mikhail Botvinnik had a rematch clause and a day less than a year from the start of the first match Smyslov had yet again to play a world title match. Smyslov claims that he started the match with flu and ended it with pneumonia. Whatever the reason, Smyslov was comprehensively defeated in this third match and never again was to fight for the world title.

22nd WCh Match 1958 Moscow (RUS), 4 iii - 8 v 1958
Pl Name              1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3
 1 Botvinnik,Mikhail 1 1 1 ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 1 ½ 1 0 ½ ½ 1 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ 12.5/23
 2 Smyslov,Vassily   0 0 0 ½ 1 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 0 ½ 0 1 ½ ½ 0 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ 10.5/23

Remaining World Championship Adventures.
This match ends the period when Smyslov was World Champion and World Number One. By the end of 1958 Mikhail Tal had become the best player in the World and the new star. Tal demolished his way through the Interzonal and then won the Candidates tournament in Bled/Zagreb/Belgrade in 1959 whereas Smyslov finished in 4th place a full 5 points behind. Smyslov maintained a top 5 position for the next few years and top 10 throughout the 1960s but wasn't a serious force in final stages of the World Championships until his swan song in 1982-4. He missed out on a place in the Stockholm Interzonal of 1962. In 1964 he shared first place in the Amsterdam Interzonal but in the quarter finals of the Candidates Matches he was well beaten by Efim Geller (-3=5). He did come close to qualifying from various interzonals for a few years but it did seem that his career was winding down when in 1982 he persuaded a Federation (UAE?) to nominate him for the Las Palmas Interzonal of 1982 where he finished 2nd and qualified for the Candidates at the age of 61. He drew +1-1=12 against Robert Huebner in the Quarter Finals where famously it was decided after the match went on so long that the winner would be decided by the roll of the roulette wheel (Huebner objected but it happened anyhow).

Robert Byrne reports on Huebner - Smyslov at the time
He then beat Zoltan Ribli +3=7-1 to earn a match against Garry Kasparov in the final of the Candidates. These result showed both the quality of his concept of the game but also the dire state of international chess at the time with the Soviets having mostly aging stars except for World Champion Anatoly Karpov and the fast rising Garry Kasparov. Kasparov won a really quite interesting match against Smyslov 8.5-4.5 which in itself wasn't a bad achievement. His final Candidates' appearance was the Montpellier 1985 tournament but he didn't progress. He played in the 1997 FIDE World Championship Knockout in Groningen where he lost 2-0 to Alexander Morozevich. Smyslov finally became a World Champion again when he won the World Seniors in 1991.

Remaining Career
It is hard to do justice to the rest of his career with such a huge post-script following the heights of being World Champion. For the most part he lacked the ambition to return to the very top but was instead content to perform consistantly well for many years. He played 50 strong tournaments between 1939-1981 winning or sharing 15 first prizes according to the Oxford Companion to Chess.

Best results included Moscow 1960 1st, Capablanca Memorial 1965 1st in front of Fischer, Monte Carlo 1969 1st=, Moscow 1971 3rd. Smyslov scored 8/17 in the 55th Soviet Championships in 1988 which were the last of super-strong versions of this tournament. He drew with Karpov and Kasparov who shared first, and beat Vassily Ivanchuk in an impressive game.

He played in 9 Olympiads scoring +69 =42 -2. His total of 17 Olympiad medals won, including team and individual medals, is an all-time Olympiad record, according to olimpbase.org. Smyslov also represented the USSR in five European Team Championships, and emerged with a perfect medals' record: he won five team gold medals and five board gold medals. His total score in these events was (+19 = 15 - 1), for 75.7 per cent. (These stats are from his Wikipedia entry) Smyslov played for the USSR in both the 1970 and 1984 matches against teams representing the Rest of the World. He was on board six at Belgrade in 1970, and on board four at London in 1984 (which I attended), with the Soviets winning both matches.

His final event was the Klompendans tournament in Amsterdam in 2001 where he scored 50%. He played in a number of these Veterans vs Ladies events from 1997. After this his eyesight became so poor he retired from playing. He was the guest of honour at occasional events after this. Smyslov had a lifelong interest in music and singing which he inherited from his father. According to the Guardian Obituary: "In 1950 Smyslov, who had a fine baritone voice, was among several hundred singers who entered a national contest for a position at the Bolshoi, failing only at the final shortlist stage. Singing remained one of his great interests and he sometimes gave recitals during chess tournaments, often accompanied by Mark Taimanov, a fellow grandmaster. His bid for the Bolshoi helps explain why he finished only third in the 1950 Budapest Candidates tournament..."

On the pronunciation of his name I remember reading a book on one of the World Title Matches he played that explained that his name is Smyslov, which sort of rhymes with "whizz-cough".

Leading Results of Smyslov's Career
 Yr  Pl                  NAT Event                       Pl Sco
1938 Moscow              URS Russian Schoolboys          1st         8/10
1938 Gorky               URS USR 1st Cat Tourn           1st-3rd    10/13
1938 Moscow              URS Moscow Championships        1st-2nd  12.5/17
1939 Leningrad-Moscow    URS Training Tournament         12-13th     8/17
1939 Moscow              URS Moscow Championships        2nd-3rd     9/13
1940 Moscow              URS 12th USSR Championship      3rd        13/19
1941 Leningrad-Moscow    URS Absolute ch-USSR            3rd        10/20
1942 Kuibishev           URS Tournament                  2nd         8/11
1942 Moscow              URS Moscow Championships        1st        12/15
1943 Sverdlovsk          URS Tournament                  3rd         8/14
1943 Moscow              URS Moscow Championships        2nd      11.5/16
1944 Moscow              URS 13th ch-USSR                2nd      10.5/16
1945 Moscow              URS 14th ch-USSR                10th-11th 8.5/17
1946 Moscow              URS Moscow Championships        3rd-6th   8.5/15
1946 Groningen           NED Staunton Memorial           3rd      12.5/19
1947 Leningrad           URS 15th ch-USSR                3rd-4th    12/19
1947 Moscow              URS Chigorin Memorial           3rd-4th    10/15
1948 Hague-Moscow        NED/URS Match-Tourn. WCh        2nd        11/20
1949 Moscow              URS 17th USSR Championship      1st-2nd    13/19
1950 Budapest            HUN Candidates Tournament       3rd        10/18
1950 Venice              ITA International Tournament    2nd        12/15
1950 Moscow              URS 18th USSR Championship      5th-6th    10/17
1953 Zurich              SUI Candidates Tournament       1st        18/28
1954 Moscow              URS WCh-Match Botvinnik         Draw       +7-7=10
1954 Hastings            ENG International Tournament    1st-2nd     7/9
1955 Moscow              URS 22nd USSR Championship      1st-2nd    12/19
1955 Zagreb              YUG International Tournament    1st      14.5/19
1956 Moscow              URS Alekhine Memorial           1st-2nd    11/15
1956 Amsterdam           NED Candidates Tournament       1st      11.5/18
1957 Moscow              URS WCh-Match Botvinnik         Won      +7-3=12
1958 Moscow              URS WCh-Match Botvinnik         Lost     +5-7=11
1959 Moscow              URS USSR Central CC             1st-3rd     7/11
1959 Bled-Zagreb-Belgade YUG Candidates Tournament       4th        15/28
1960 Moscow              URS 1st USSR Central CC         1st-2nd   8.5/11
1961 Moscow              URS 2nd USSR Central CC         1st-2nd   7.5/11
1963 Moscow              URS 3rd USSR Central CC         1st      11.5/15
1964 Havana              CUB Capablanca Memorial         1st-2nd    16/21
1964 Amsterdam           NED Interzonal                  1st-4th    17/23
1965 Moscow              URS Candidates Match Geller     Lost      2.5:5.5
1965 Havana              CUB Capablanca Memorial         1st      15.5/21
1967 Palma de Mallorca   ESP International Tournament    2nd-3rd  12.5/17
1967 Monte Carlo         MNC International Tournament    2nd       6.5/9
1969 Monte Carlo         MNC International Tournament    1st-2nd     8/11
1970 Rovinj-Zagreb       YUG International Tournament    2nd-5th    11/17
1970 Amsterdam           NED IBM-tournament              1st        10/15
1971 Leningrad           URS 39th USSR Championship      2nd-3rd  13.5/21
1971 Moscow              URS Alekhine Memorial           3rd      10.5/17
1972 Las Palmas          ESP International Tournament    2nd-3rd    11/15
1973 Petropolis          BRA Interzonal Tournament       5th        11/17
1977 Moscow              URS 60th Ann October Revolution 3rd      10.5/17
1982 Las Palmas          ESP Interzonal Tournament       2nd       8.5/13
1983 Velden              AUT WCh Candidates Q/F Huebner  Won       T/B 7:7
1983 Moscow              URS WCh Candidates S/F Ribli    Won       6.5:4.5
1984 Vilnius             URS Candidates Final Kasparov   Lost      4.5:8.5
1991 Bad Woerishofen     GER WCh Seniors                 1st-2nd   8.5/11

Information about Smyslov's death
World Chess Champion Vasily Vasilyevich Smyslov (March 24, 1921 - March 27, 2010) The date of death was the early hours of March 27th 2010.

http://www.utro.ru/articles/2010/03/28/883489.shtml [In Russian] says that Smyslov and his wife Nadezhda's final months were very troubled. Smyslov's wife suffered a fall in February and Smyslov himself was bedridden, and it seems they were not being helped or cared for. Smyslov had been poorly for around 3 months and was in serious condition with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation when he was finally admitted to hospital by which time it was too late.

There will be a funeral service at the Chess Club on Gogolevsky in Moscow.

Links to stories, obituaries and information about Vasily Smyslov
Sources Wikipedia: Smyslov Wikipedia entry.

Excellent Guardian Obituary by Leonard Barden with info you won't see elsewhere

First Report of his death [In Russian]: (http://sport.rian.ru/sport/20100327/216724266.html). Heart failure is given as the cause. It states that Smyslov died in the early hours of Saturday 27th March 2010, unless you read a google translation into English which misinterprets the original.

Chess History 6512 has a number of photos of Vasily Smyslov

[In Russian] ChessPro Statistics and big games file [PGN] for Vasily Smyslov.

Career stats of Vasily Smyslov from ChessMetrics

Daily Dirt on Smyslov's passing

2005 interview with Vladimir Kramnik on his predecessors including Smyslov

Dennis Monokroussos on Smyslov's passing ChessBase report and Photos on Smyslov's passing

ChessVibes Tribute to Vasily Smyslov

ChessVibes gives some Smyslov Studies

Timeline of Smyslov's career by Bill Wall

DYLAN LOEB McCLAIN Obit of Vasily Smyslov. Nice Smyslov Quote: "When his position was bad, his thoughts were devastating. ‘Why did I ever start playing chess?’ he repeatedly would ask himself."

A rather odd late interview with Smyslov

The Week in Chess
UK
http://www.chess.co.uk/
Sábado 27 Marzo de 2010
http://www.chess.co.uk/twic/chessnews/obituaries/vasily-smyslov-1921-2010